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-part-20: THE MUDOOD ( The Lengthenings ) part 4 المـــدود
lengthening caused by a sukoon :
First :
1-The Compulsory Lengthening ( Al-Madd Al-Laazim ) الــمــد الــلازم
The Compulsory Lengthening divided into:
1-The Compulsory word Lengthening.
A-TheCompulsory Heavy Lengthening in a Word.
B- The Compulsory light Lengthening in a Word.
2- The Compulsory letter Lengthening.
A- The Compulsory Heavy Lengthening in a Letter.
B- The Compulsory light Lengthening in a Letter.
So there are four types of Mudd.
Its definition OF The Compulsory Lengthening : An original (or fixed) sukoon is positioned after a
madd letter, in a word or a letter.
By original it is meant that the sukoon is part of the original make up of the word, and is present when continuing the reading and when stopping.
1-The Compulsory heavy word Lengthening. المد اللازم الكلمي المثقَّل
Its definition: It is when an original sukoon (the letter has a shaddah on it) comes after a madd letter in a word.
The word heavy مْثقل refers to the shaddah. A shaddah indicates two letters of the same, the first one with a sukoon, and the second with the vowel that is accompanying the shaddah.
The two letters have merged into each other, and thence the shaddah.
It is called compulsory لَّازم due the permanent, or original sukoon found when the reader stops or continues, or because all readers agree that this lengthening must be 6 vowel counts.
It is called word كلمي due to the fact that the madd letter is in one word.
Examples :
2- The Compulsory Light Lengthening in a Word المد اللازم الكلمي المخفف
Its Definition: It occurs when an original sukoon that is not merged (no shaddah on it), follows a madd letter in a word.
The word light comes from the letter not being merged. This refers to the letter with the sukoon that follows the medd letter.
One word of this kind of lengthening in the Qur’an in only two places in surat Yunus (51,91)
” ءَالآن “
6 vowel counts
3-The Compulsory light Lengthening In a letter المد اللازم الحرفي المخفف
The letters of the group سنقص لكم are each individually read as a three letter word, the middle letter being a madd letter, and the third letter having an original (or permanent) sukoon.
This last letter not merged with what comes next. Example الــر Pronounced ألاف – لام -راء
The meem in لَّام not merged with raa را
therefore called ( مخفف light).
Letter Lam consists of three letters; the middle letter is a madd letter (alif)
This madd is lengthened six vowel counts.
4-The Compulsory Heavy Lengthening in a letter المد اللازم الحرفي المثقل
This type of lengthening occurs when a letter of the سنقص لكم
has the last letter of the three letter word representing the individual letter, merging into the letter that comes after it.
This is the reason for it being called heavy , مثقل This madd has a required lengthening of six counts.
Example: (ألأف – لام – ميم (الــم The two letters lam لَّام and meem ميم
that consist of three letters in the middle letter madd lengthened six vowel and meem sakinah in لام merged with the first letter of the next spelled out letter meem ِ مٌـيـم Pronounced الف لاميـم
Note: The Separate Letters that begin some surahs.
The letters that begin some of the surahs of the Quran are fourteen in number.
These letters are divided into four groups:
1- That which has no madd at all: This refers to the alif ألف as it has
no madd letter in it.
2- That which has a madd of two counts: The letters in this category can be found in the phrase: حــى طــهــر meaning the letters are recited as حا ٌ يا طا ها را when found in the letters that sometimes begin a surah, and are lengthened two counts.
When these letters are written out as above, they consist of only two letters, and are of the natural madd
sometimes begin a surah, and are lengthened two counts.
When these letters are written out as above, they consist of only two letters, and are of the natural madd.
3- The Ain عين can be lengthened six or four vowel counts, according to the rules of the way we read, which is the way of: Hafs „an „Aasim from the way of Ash-Shatibiyyah (six counts preferred )
This is due to the fact that the Ain as a separate letter of an opening to a surah is found at the beginning of surah Maryam and the beginning (second ayah) of surah Ash-Shooraa.
كهيعص – حم عسق
4-That which has a madd of six vowel counts: The rest of the letters from the fourteen that start some surahs of the Qur‟an fall into this category.
These letters are seven in number, and can be found in the phrase “نقص عسلكم”
” نون، قاف، صاد، عين، سين، لام، كاف، ميم “
These Letters are categorized into to two groups:
1- The Compulsory light Lengthening In a letter المد اللازم الحرفي المخفف
2-The Compulsory Heavy Lengthening in a letter المد اللازم الحرفي المثقل
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