THE MUDOOD ( The Lengthenings ) part 1 المـــدود
THE MUDOOD: Means Lengthening المـــــد
Evidence of Mudda
Qatadah said:
I asked Anas about the recitation of the Qur’an by the Prophet (sala Allahu Alihi wa salam)
He said: He used to express all the long accents clearly. Sahih (Al-Albani
Its linguistic definition: Extra
Its applied definition: Lengthening of the sound with a letter of the madd letters.
The madd letters are in the following three cases.
1- The ya’ with sukoon preceded by a letter with kasrah. ى
2- The wow with sukoon preceded by a letter with Dammah. و
3- The Alif with a sukoon preceded by a letter with Fathah. ا
These madd letters appear in one word نُوحِيهَا
- The Two leen letters حرفي اللين
- The waw sakinah preceded by a fat-hah such as: خَوف
- The yaa sakinah preceded by a fat-hah such as: بَيت
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1-The Natural Lengthening (Al-Madd At-tabee’ee) المــد الطبيعى
Its definition: It is the madd (lengthening) that without which the letter cannot exist (the timing), and it does not stop due to a hamzah or a sukoon.
Its indications: There should not be a hamzah before it, and there should not be a hamzah or sukoon after it.
It is named original because it is the origin of all mudood (lengthening) It is called natural because the person with a natural measure will not increase its measure nor decrease it.
Its timing: It is lengthened two vowel counts.
The timing of each count depends on the speed of the reciter.
Each vowel should be equal in count to the other, and the mudood of two, four, five, and six counts should be equal to that many vowels.
Vowel: Is the time needed to pronounce one letter with fat-hah or
dammah or kasrah.
The time of all voweled letter the same
Example: = َ ق ِق = ُ ق َ س = ِس = ُ س = َ ت = ِ ت = ت ُ= َ ق = ق = ُ ق ……..
When we say 2 vowel counts means time needed to pronounce two successive voweled letter with fat-hah or dammah or kasrah.
The time needed to pronounce ما = مو = مي
عباد – كفروا – الذين – كما
- All vowels must sound like a shortened version of its origin.The alif ( ا ) is the origin of the fat-ha, the long waw ( و ) is the origin of the dhammah, and the long yaa ( ى ) is the origin of the kasrah. The reader
must be careful not to pronounce these vowels incorrectly, such as when the kasrah is pronounced in between a kasrah and a fat-ha. - – Some readers mistakenly open the sides of the mouth for a fat-hah instead of opening the mouth vertically suitable opening ; the result of this mistake is called imaalah, which means tilting.
Other readers do not make a complete circle of their lips for a dhammah and the resulting sound is like that of the English . - – Another mistake readers may make is not lowering the jaw Completely for the kasrah, and the resulting sound is that of a short (i) or (ae). We should not let our mouths be lazy; the correct way of pronouncing vowels need more mouth and jaw action than the incorrect way.
Examples on natural madd:
قَــال – يـقُـول – قِـيـل
In these three words, Natural madd with different madd letters and will have the timing of two vowel counts.
Note: these words have a natural madd as long as we do not stop on the word. As stated before in the indications of the natural madd there cannot be sukoon after the madd letter,Then the madd would no longer be considered a natural madd, but would be a different kind of madd, to be discussed latter.
Included in natural madd is the group of letters. ( حى طهـر )
which are letters that start some surahs of the Qur‟an. If any one of these letters is at the beginning of a surah, the letter is read with two vowel countsز
Example: طه pronounced طا ها
