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– QUALITIES OF LETTERS OR SIFAAT AL HUROOF PART -4  صفات الحروف الجزء الرابع 
read: Part-1  Part-2 Part-3

5. At-Tafasshy – ( التفشى)

• Literally means to spread around.
• Technically, it is the spreading around of the sound of the letter in the mouth while pronouncing it.
• This quality is found only in: ( ش )

6. Istitaalah – ( الأستطالة)

• Literally means prolongation.
• Technically, it is the prolongation of the sound throughout its makhraj; from its beginning till the end (1.5 to 1.75 beat).
• This is found only in the status of Sukoon or Shaddah for the letter: ( ض )

Note: The forward pushing is mechanical; the sound should not travel forward with this involuntary movement. If the sound went forward with the tongue, the sound of ض would then end up sounding like a دال  which is incorrect.
The lengthened sound of ض is that of its characteristic of  رخاوة rakhawa.

7-Qalqalah – ( القلقة )

• Literally it means to echo or shaking.
• Technically, it is a permanent quality that creates an echoing sound or a slight vibration in the Makhraj.
This quality is found in the following 5 letters:    قطب جد ) ق ط ب ج  د )
There are 3 levels of Qalqala as regards to the strength of its pronunciation.
• Strongest: when making waqf (stopping) on a mushaddad letter of Qalqala.
• Strong: when making waqf on a sakin letter of qalqala.
• Weak: when the sakin letter of qalqala is in the middle of a word.

Note: Qalqalah letter is similar to a saakin letter, in that there is no accompanying jaw and mouth movement with it.
On the other hand, it is unlike the saakin letter in that the qalqalah is articulated by separation.
If the qalqalah letters have a shaddah indicating merging of two of the same letter the first letter of the shaddah (which is saakin) is then articulated by collision تصادم.
Examples: الحق On stopping on this word the first qaf ق ْis pronounced by collision and the second qaf ق ْis recited with a qalqalah, (pronounced with separation without any accompanying mouth and jaw movement).

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