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-part-21: THE MUDOOD ( The Lengthenings ) part 5 المـــدود
read part-1 part-2 part-3 part-4
lengthening caused by a sukoon :
second Cause:
The Lengthening with a Presented Sukoon : المــد العارض للسكون
Its definition:
This madd occurs when there is only one letter after one of the three madd letters,
it is the last letter of the word, this last letter has any vowel on it, and we are stopping on the last letter with a presented sukoon.
It is called “presented sukoon” because the sukoon is presented on the letter when stopping on it, otherwise the letter is read with its vowel.
It is permitted to lengthen this madd two, or four, or six vowel counts when stopping on it. When not stopping on it, the last letter is read with a vowel and the madd letter is lengthened two vowel
counts, the normal measure for natural lengthening.
Examples:
In The Required Attached Madd when the hamzah that follows the madd letter is the last letter of the word, and the reader is stopping on the word (meaning the hamzah now has a presented sukoon), the lengthening can be four or five counts, as mentioned before, or six counts. الـســـمـــاء
Third:
The Soft Lengthening المــد اللين
It occurs when a “leen” letter waw واوor yaa ٌاءwith a sukoon, preceded by a letter with a fathah) is followed by one letter only in the same word and we stop on the last letter in the word with a
presented sukoon.
– It is allowed to lengthen this madd Two or four or six vowel counts when stopping on the word. When continuing reading (not stopping on this word), there is a slight lengthening of the “leen” letter, referred by the scholars as madd ma مدا ماwhich is less than two vowel counts, but longer than one vowel count.
وَآمَنَهُمْ مِنْ خَــوْفٍ — لِإِيلَافِ قُرَيْــشٍ
The rule of stronger of the two causes for a lengthening.
These lengthenings have various degrees of strength and weakness.
1-The strongest is the compulsory Lengthening,
2-the second strongest is the required joined lengthening,
3-the next the presented sukoon lengthening,
4-then separated allowed lengthening,
5-and the weakest the exchange lengthening.
If two reasons for lengthening are present in one madd letter, there must be one stronger than the other. In this case the weak madd is left, and we use the stronger of the two.
Examples: رَءَآ أَيْدِيَهُمْ
In this example the hamzah precedes a madd letter, indicating an exchange lengthening,This madd is at the end of the word, and the first letter of the next word is a hamzah, so the allowed separated lengthening is also using this same madd letter, which is an alif.
In this case, when continuing reading, and the allowed separated lengthening is employed, so this madd lengthened 4 or 5 counts (by the way of Ash-Shatibiyyah) When stopping on the first word only the exchange lengthening is used, since the hamzah that begins the second word is not being read, and there is therefore no allowed separate lengthening is used.
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